ويكي بيانات:فهرس المصطلحات

عناصر بيان

هذا الفهرس يعرف مفاهيم ويكي بيانات المهمة ويشير للمزيد من المعلومات. انظر ويكي بيانات:مقدمة لمقدمة عامة عن ويكي بيانات و إرشادات الفهرس حول كيفية كتابة وتحسين مفردات الفهرس.

فهرس المصطلحات
Aliases - اسم مستعار وتعرف بـ "Also known as" في واجهة المستخدم. وهي بدائل التسميات في لغة معينة ويمكن أن توسع حسب لزم الأمر. Further information: Help:Aliases
Article placeholder is an extension to display stub articles and to start Wikipedia articles based on a view of Wikidata items. See mw:Extension:ArticlePlaceholder.
A badge is an optional marker that can be attached to a sitelink to another Wikimedia page. For instance, a sitelink can be marked to link to a "featured article" or to a "proofread" page. Further information: Help:Badges
Category item, template item and module item are Wikidata items with sitelinks to categories, templates, or modules on Wikimedia sites. When the last sitelink is deleted, these items are generally deleted (see Wikidata:Database reports/to delete).
الإدعاء هي قطعة من البيانات حول الكيان الذي على صفحته يظهر الإدعاء. الإدعاء يتكون من خاصية (مثل المكان) و قيمة (مثل ألمانيا)، أو واحدة من الحالات الخاصة "no value" و "unknown value". الإدعاء يمكن أن يمتلك تصفيات، مثل التصفيات الزمنية التي تقول أن الإدعاء صالح فقط أثناء فترة زمنية محددة. بالمقارنة بالثلاثيات في نموذج بيانات RDF، فالإدعاء يستخدم خاصية للتعبير عن محتوى ثلاثية وقيمة للتعبير عن مضمون الثلاثية. الإدعاءات تصنع جزءا من البيانات على صفحات العناصر، حيث يمكن تزويدهم بمراجع و رتب؛ يمكن أن يكونوا موجودين على صفحات بيانات التي لا تنتمي لعناصر.
Commons (or Wikimedia Commons) is a Wikimedia project to store images, audio, video and other files. Wikibase includes three different datatypes to link from Wikidata to media files, geographic shapes and tabular data. Commons is adding statements to files as mediaentities.
Completeness is an assessment of available data with a measure for coverage. At Wikidata the presence of an item or statement does not imply that all similar items or statements are present. Wikibase does not include any completeness indicator. Quantity properties can be used to compare with available statements or items. Example: The item about states of the USA has a statement with quantity 50. One can compare that with the count of uses of the item. A few tools attempt to measure completeness. To some extent, property suggester and suggestion constraints indicate elements missing to complete items.
Complex constraint (or custom constraint) is a constraint defined by a freely chosen SPARQL query in a template on a property talk page. Further information: Template:Complex constraint
Conflation is a type of error, usually on an item, where aspects of several distinct concepts are mixed together. For example, an item with the date of birth of one person and the occupation of another person with the same name. Further information: Help:Conflation
Constraint is a rule for how a particular property should be used. For instance most identifiers should have only one value, so there is a single value constraint on them. A special kind are called complex constraints. Further information: Help:Constraints
Constraint report can refer to a series of periodically updated pages for each property based on constraints or a special page for an individual item or other entity. Further information: Wikidata:Database reports/Constraint violations
Cradle is an editing tool to create new Wikidata items based on a form with predefined properties and values. Further information: Wikidata:Cradle
Datatype (or propertyType) is an attribute of a property specifying the type and shape of the value in each claim. Each property is assigned a pre-defined datatype, which usually can not be changed. Not all values can be linked, as long as there are certain datatypes missing. Data types can only be defined by developers. See also Special:ListDatatypes for currently available datatypes. Data type does not directly specify how values are stored internally; this is specified by value type. Further information: Help:Data type
Data namespaces are namespaces for pages that hold Wikidata entities. The data namespaces in Wikidata are the main namespace for the Wikidata items, "Property:" for properties, and "Lexeme:" for lexemes. Further information: Help:Namespaces
Date (or time or timeValue) is a datatype for property values. It allows to enter dates in different precisions and enables date calculations in queries. Hour or minute precision isn't supported. The Wikidata property for the date of foundation has such values. Further information: Help:Dates
Description - وصف is a language-specific descriptive phrase for an item, property or query. It provides context for the label (for example, there are many items about places with the label "Cambridge"). The description therefore does not need to be unique, neither within a language or Wikidata in general, but it must be unique together with the label. Uniqueness for a combination of a label and a description is a hard constraint. If your contribution does not meet this requirement you cannot save the change. Further information: Help:Description
Disambiguation item is a Wikidata item with sitelinks to disambiguation pages. This is its only purpose. Generally, it has a claim with نموذج من=صفحة توضيح ويكيميديا. Further information: Wikidata:WikiProject Disambiguation pages
Duplicate is an entity, generally an item, about the same concept as another entity. Duplicates are usually merged creating a redirecting entity. Special types of duplicates are temporary duplicates, permanent duplicates, and true duplicates.
Editing interface is a view that allows to add or modify data. These views are the default view, the Commons structured data interface, Wikidata bridge, and a series of API-based tools, notably QuickStatements, Cradle, PetScan, OpenRefine or the Pywikibot framework.
الكيان هو محتوى صفحة ويكي بيانات، والتي ربما تكون عنصرا (في النطاق الرئيسي)، أو خاصية (في نطاق property). كل كيان يتم تعريفه بشكل فريد بواسطة معرف كيان، والذي هو رقم ببادئة، على سبيل المثال من الممكن أن يبدأ بالبادئة Q لعنصر و P لخاصية. الكيان أيضا يتم تعريفه بمزيج فريد من التسميات و الوصوفات في كل لغة. الكيان ربما يكون لديه أسماء مستعارة بديلة بلغات متعددة. كل كيان لديه أيضا معرف موارد موحد يمكن الوصول إليه يتبع النمط http://www.wikidata.org/entity/ID حيث ID هو معرف الكيان. Other extensions may define new types of entities. For example: Lexeme, with subentities Form and Sense, is defined by WikibaseLexeme MediaInfo, defined by WikibaseMediaInfo
Entity selector allows picking an entity by entering part of its name and selecting it from a list of search results. For items, the results are based on the labels and aliases. The description is displayed, if there is one. Example: type "human" to pick Q1156970 from "human (Q5) common name of Homo sapiens", "humanity (Q1156970) total world population of human", etc. This is different from the Property Suggester. Further information: Help:Suggesters and selectors
EntitySchema is a special type of Wikidata page containing a document in ShEx format, and related metadata. Although it may have labels, descriptions and aliases similar to items, it is not a type of entity. Entities may be validated against an EntitySchema using the ShEx2 — Simple Online Validator tool. Further information: Wikidata:Schemas Further information: Wikidata:WikiProject Schemas
معرف خارجي بعض الخواص تحتوي على قيم "سلسلة" مستخدمة في قواعد بيانات منظمات أخرى، لتحديد معرف فريد للعنصر. على سبيل المثال، رقم ISBN لكتاب أو جزء فريد من وصلة فيلم أو وصلة ممثل في قاعدة بيانات الأفلام على الإنترنت.
Federation query is a query through a service available on Query Server allowing to access databases other than Wikidata. Further information: Wikidata:SPARQL federation input
Form is a string of characters that occurs in a particular grammatical context for a lexeme. Every Lexeme may have multiple forms. Forms are identified on each lexeme by the Lexeme ID followed by a dash, the letter "F" and a number. Forms may have statements just as other entities do. They are also assigned grammatical features such as "plural" for Form L1298-F2 ("forms"). Further information: Wikidata:Lexicographical data/Glossary
Historic information is included by qualifying it with a date. If information is no longer current, date qualifiers are added instead of statements overwritten. Historic information is different from incorrect information
Human (or instance of human) is a Wikidata item about a person or an individual. It has a claim with نموذج من=إنسان.
Incorrect information is a claim supported by a reference, but generally considered invalid or inaccurate. While Wikipedia generally excludes such information, Wikidata's deprecated rank allows to flag such statements. This helps avoid a situation in which it's deleted and erroneously re-added as valid information. Incorrect information is different from historic information
Instance of, subclass of, and has part (also class or type) are used on Wikidata to refer to the properties نموذج من, صنف فرعي من, لديه جزء أو أجزاء, and a few other related ontological properties, their values, or items using them. Further information: Help:Basic membership properties
عناصر - Item يشير إلى كائن في العالم، أو حدث، أو مفهوم يعطى معرف (يعادل اسمه) في ويكي بيانات، إلى جانب المعلومات حوله. كل عنصر يقابله صفحة في النطاق الرئيسي لويكي بيانات. تُعرف العناصر بواسطة البادئة التي تسبق معرفاتها (مثل Q5) أو بواسطة وصلات إلى صفحة خارجية، أو عن طريق مزيج فريد من التسميات والأوصاف بمختلف اللغات. وقد تحتوي العناصر على تسميات أخرى مستعارة لتسهيل البحث عنها. جزء البيانات الرئيسي لأي عنصر هو "البيانات". ويمكن الاطلاع على هذه الثلاثة العناصر مجزئة لثلاثة أقسام من البيانات المرتبطة. Further information: Help:Items
Item identifier: see QID below.
التسمية (أيضا الاسم) هو الاسم الرئيسي المعطى لتعريف كيان (على سبيل المثال عنصر أو خاصية). مثال: فالعنصر بتصفية العنصر Q7378 لديه التسمية الإنجليزية “elephant”. كل كيان لديه بالضبط تسمية واحدة بأي لغة بشرية. التسميات لا تحتاج إلى أن تكون فريدة. فالوصوفات و الأسماء المستعارة يتم استخدامها للتفرقة ما بين الكيانات بنفس التسمية. صفحات ويكي بيانات ليس لديها تسميات، لكن عناوين. Further information: Help:Labels
Lag or database lag at Wikidata is a delay in the update of data on other projects or Query Server.
سمات اللغة هي التسميات، الأسماء المستعارة و الوصوفات الخاصة باللغة التي تصف العناصر، الخواص و الاستعلامات. وهي نصوص يمكن قراءتها بواسطة الإنسان من أجل تحسين فهم نطاق هذه العناصر، على سبيل المثال يمكن الاستعاضة عن تسمية مفقودة بتسمية من اللغات الأخرى البديلة.
Language code is an identifier for the language of a label, description, alias, or monolingual text value. The language codes for labels, descriptions, and aliases are shared with other Wikimedia projects. More codes for monolingual text are defined specifically for Wikidata. Lexemes use some of these, as well as some additional codes or items to identify the language in lemma, gloss, and form. A language code is also assigned to sitelinks. Codes are based mostly on IETF language tags. Further information: Help:Monolingual text languages
Language fallbacks (also language chains) are methods to systematically replace missing language attributes with strings from alternate languages. The exact replacement rules can be chosen depending on the type of page, whether the user is logged in, or the user preferred languages.
Lexeme is an entity of Lexicographical data. It contains sense and form sub-entities, but no sitelinks. Instead of a label, a description, and aliases, lexeme entities have a lemma (possibly more than one, for languages with spelling variants), a language, and a lexical category. Further information: Wikidata:Lexicographical data/Glossary
LID (or L number) The identifier for a lexeme entity in Wikidata, comprising the letter "L" followed by one or more digits.
Listeria (or Wikidata list) is a tool to show data from Wikidata in list form at Wikimedia projects. Data is periodically updated by bot. Further information: Template:Wikidata list
Mainspace is one of the namespaces in a wiki. Namespaces in Wikidata other than the mainspace have prefixes. In Wikidata, the mainspace contains the pages with the items. Further information: Help:Namespaces
ميديا ويكي هو البرنامج الذي تستند إليه جميع مشاريع ويكيميديا. كما أن برنامج مجاني، وهناك الآلاف من التركيبات للكيانات المختلفة. طالع ما هو ميدياويكي للمزيد من المعلومات.
MediaInfo is a type of entity used to describe files. It's activated on Wikimedia Commons.
Meta pages These are all pages that are not entities, i.e. do not belong to the data namespaces. Wikidata meta pages contain unstructured content in wikitext, including Wikidata client side inclusion code. Examples are talk pages, category pages, project pages (in the Wikidata namespace) and help pages (in the Help namespace). Meta pages also comprise content and data automatically generated by the MediaWiki software (for example, the edit history of a page, or special pages).
Name item is a Wikidata item about a given name or a family name. Such items are used as values for اسم العائلة or الاسم الأول and can include additional information and sitelinks. Further information: Wikidata:WikiProject Names
Namespaces are a kind of category for pages in a wiki. For each namespace you may have different rules about the pages and their content. In Wikidata, the most important namespace (or ‘main namespace’) is for the Wikidata items. The URL of a Wikidata mainspace page ends with a Q and a number, for example, Q7378 for “Elephant”. The pages in other namespaces start with the namespace name, the “prefix”. For example, help pages start with “Help:”, such as Help:Contents. Further information: Help:Namespaces
Object See Subject
Order of statements is generally determined by the view being used and not significant. Many views display data retrieved or entered first before other. Some views sort or allow to sort statements based on qualifier value, statement value, property, or datatype.
Page is an internal or external webpage with a unique title, for example, an article in Wikipedia main namespace or an item in Wikidata main namespace. A page is a part of a site. In Wikidata, the term "page" may refer to an item or a property page in the data namespaces, to a meta page in other namespaces, or to an external linked page on Wikipedia, another Wikimedia site, or an external site. A page on a client site may be referenced using a sitelink. Pages in the main namespace of Wikidata contain items, and one page can only hold one item.
Predicate See Subject
Prefix Used in the query service. Further information: mw:Wikibase/Indexing/RDF Dump Format/Prefixes Further information: EntitySchema:E49
Project is a term often used in the Wikimedia movement to refer to a Wikimedia wiki. In Wikidata, the term usually refers to Wikidata itself.
الخواص (أيضا السمات) هو وصف لقيمة بيانات، أو علاقة أو قيمة غالبا مفقودة، لكن ليس قيمة البيانات نفسها. كل بيان في صفحة عنصر يصل لخاصية، ويضبط للخاصية قيمة واحدة أو أكثر، أو علاقة أو قيمة مفقودة أخرى. الخاصية يتم تخزينها في صفحة في نطاق Property، ويتضمن إعلان نوع بيانات لقيم خواص. بالمقارنة بالبيانات الموصولة، فالخاصية تمثل مضمون الثلاثية. Further information: Help:Properties
Property suggester provides a preselection of properties when adding statements to Wikidata items. These are based on the frequency of the properties on similar items. Example: on an item with نموذج من=إنسان only, suggestions could be الجنس, المهنة, تاريخ الميلاد. These may or may not be appropriate for the specific item. This is different from entity selector and suggestion constraints. Further information: Help:Suggesters and selectors
QID (or Q number) is the unique identifier of a data item on Wikidata, comprising the letter "Q" followed by one or more digits. It is used to help people and machines understand the difference between items with the same or similar names. For example, there are several places in the world called London and many people called James Smith. This number appears next to the label at the top of each Wikidata item.
التصفية هي جزء من الإدعاء التي تقول شيئا حول هذا الإدعاء بالتحديد، عادة بطريقة وصفية. التصفية ربما تكون مصطلحا بالنسبة للغة محددة لكن ربما تكون أيضا عبارة وصفية أخرى (ما إذا كانت هذه المصطلحات أو العبارات هي نص حر أو جزء من بعض اللغات سيعود على الأرجح لمجتمع ويكي بيانات). Further information: Help:Qualifiers
Quantity (incorrectly number) is a datatype for property values. It allows to enter integers or decimal numbers. Optionally a unit or a bound can be included. The Wikidata property for population has such values. Numeric identifiers are not quantities, but external identifiers. Further information: Help:Data type#Quantity
Query - استعلام is a search across items in Wikidata. By now queries can be executed in the SPARQL query language. It is planned to extent Wikidata by queries as entities defined on their own pages. Further information: Wikidata:SPARQL query service/Wikidata Query Help
QuickStatements (QS) is a third-party tool that can edit Wikidata items, based on a simple set of text commands. The tool can add and remove statements, labels, descriptions, and aliases. It can also add statements with optional qualifiers and sources. Further information: Help:QuickStatements
الرتبة هو عنصر جودة يستخدم للاختيار/الفلترة البسيطة في الحالات التي فيها بيانات كثيرة لخاصية معطاة. في مثل هذه الحالات، ربما تريد ذكر أي بيان هو أكثر أهمية من البيانات الأخرى. افتراضيا، فالبيان لديه الرتبة "normal"، لكن يمكنك تغيير هذا إلى "preferred" أو "deprecated". Further information: Help:Ranking
Redirecting entity (or redirect) is an item or a lexeme that redirects to another item or lexeme (target). As in many uses these would need to be queried specifically, a bot usually replaces redirects used as values with their target. Further information: Help:Redirects
مراجع - Reference (أو مصادر source) describes the origin of a statement in Wikidata. A reference is often an item in its own right; for example, a book. Wikidata does not aim to answer the question of whether a statement is correct, but merely whether the statement appears in a reference Further information: Help:Sources
Repurposing is changing the definition or scope of an entity, in general an item, by editing its label, description or statements. Generally to be avoided.
Sandbox or sandbox items are series of items, properties and other entities at Wikidata to test features within the Wikidata live database. Examples: item Q4115189, property Property:P369, EntitySchema EntitySchema:E123, lexeme Lexeme:L123.
Sense refers to a specific meaning for a lexeme. Senses are identified on each lexeme by the Lexeme ID followed by a dash, the letter "S" and a number. Senses may have statements just as other entities do. They also allow a "gloss": a free-form description of the meaning (one per language). Further information: Wikidata:Lexicographical data/Glossary
Site is a reference to an external website in general, but in sitelinks it refers to specific registered wikis, for example, a Wikipedia language version. Those sites are referenced by site identifiers, or for short siteids, technically corresponding to the wiki's DBname. For example, the Latin Wikipedia's siteid is lawiki. Each external page can have only one link registered in Wikidata and one item can only have one link to each external site.
Sitelink is an identification of a linked page on another site. It consists of a site identifier and a title, and is stored in individual items in Wikidata. Sitelinks are used both for identifying an item from an external site, and as a central storage of interlanguage links (sometimes known as "interwiki links", although this term also has a different meaning). Further information: Help:Sitelinks
Sitelinks between Wiktionary editions are generally not provided through Wikidata, but another function. Further information: Wikidata:Wiktionary/Sitelinks
Snak is a technical term of Wikibase software which data users are most likely to encounter when accessing Wikidata through the MediaWiki API. It refers to the combination of a property and either a value or one of the special cases "no value" and "unknown value". Snaks can be found in claims (then they are called main snaks) or in qualifiers as part of statements (then they are called qualifier snaks). E.g., in the statement "Emma Watson was a cast member of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone in the role of Hermione Granger" there is a main snak "was a cast member of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone" and a qualifier snak "in the role of Hermione Granger".
Statement - بيانات is a piece of data about an item, recorded on the item's page. A statement consists of a claim (a property-value pair such as "Location: Germany", together with optional qualifiers), augmented by optional references (giving the source for the claim) and an optional rank (used to distinguish between several claims containing the same property). Wikidata makes no assumptions about the correctness of statements, but merely collects and reports them with a reference to a source. Further information: Help:Statements
سلسلة - String (اختصاراً لجملة character string) is a general term for a sequence of freely chosen characters interpreted as text (e.g. "Hello") — as opposed to a value interpreted as a numerical value (3.14), a link to an item (e.g. [[Q1234]]) or a more complex datatype (the set {1,3,5,7} ). Wikidata will in addition to a string datatype support language specific texts; "monolingual-text" and "multilingual-text" as the value of a property.
Subject, predicate and object are terms sometimes used to describe a claim when viewing entity, property and value as a triple.
Suggestion constraint is a status of a property constraint that provides suggestions of additional improvements. This can be statements with other properties to be added to the item.
Term is a part of entity, includes label, description and alias. Terms may only be plain text (i.e. not containing any wiki markup).
Termbox is the zone at the top of an item page, which includes the labels, the descriptions, and the aliases in different languages.
العنوان is the name of a page. The title is unique per wiki. In Wikidata a title is either an item identifier such as Q42 or it starts with a namespace prefix such as Help:. Titles of pages in other Wikimedia wikis are required to connected these pages to Wikidata items via sitelinks.
Triple (or "semantic triple", or "triplet") is the atomic data entity in the RDF data model, which codifies statements in the form of subject–predicate–object expressions.
Unit is a Wikidata item used with a quantity-value. Frequently used units are metre or EUR, but any item could be used as unit. If the unit includes a تحويل إلى النظام الدولي statement, quantities with the unit are normalized based on that. See mw:Wikibase/Indexing/RDF Dump Format#Normalized values.
Values - قيم (also datavalues) are the information pieces embedded in each claim. Depending on their datatype, they can be a single value (like a number) or a value consisting of several parts (like a geographical position with longitude and latitude). The special cases "unknown value" or "no value" can also be selected. Further information: Help:Statements
Value type is the way values are stored internally. Each data type corresponds to one value type. For example, although external identifier, Commons media and mathematical expression are different datatypes, they all use the "string" value type. Values for some data types contain multiple parts with different value types. For example, a quantity contains four parts: "amount", "unit", "upperbound" and "lowerbound", the last two being optional. Unit is a URL which points to a Wikidata item; the other three parts are numbers in string (not floating-point number).
View is a way data can be visualized or accessed. Besides the default view, Wikibase offers views for mobile devices, as well as for rdf and json formats. The data can be accessed with an API. Data on Wikidata is mirrored on Wikidata Query Server offering various result views. Some of the views are editing views, others not. Examples of tools and extensions that provide custom views are Reasonator, Article Placeholder, and Listeria. Further information: Wikidata:Data access Further information: Wikidata:How to use data on Wikimedia projects Further information: Wikidata:SPARQL query service/Wikidata Query Help/Result Views
ويكي بيز حول البرنامج خلف ويكي بيانات. هو يتكون من مجموعة من الامتدادات لبرنامج ميدياويكي. بفضل هذه الامتدادات، فويكي بيانات تستطيع التحكم بالبيانات في العناصر و الخصائص، و الاستعلامات وعرض هذه البيانات. Further information: Help:Wikibase
ويكي بيانات هو مشروع ويكيميديا يعمل مثل ميديا ويكي مع ملحقات قاعدة ويكي، يسمح لمحرري ويكي بيانات بإدخال البيانات وتصفح الصفحات. Further information: Wikidata:Introduction
Wikidata Query Service (or WDQS) is the official service for querying Wikidata using the SPARQL query language. Further information: Wikidata:SPARQL query service/Wikidata Query Help
ويكيميديا هو اسم حركة (طالع لمزيد من التفاصيل) التي توفر المعرفة الحرة للجمهور من خلال مشاريع ويكيميديا. Further information: Help:Wikimedia
مشاريع ويكيميديا (طالع لمزيد من التفاصيل) هي مشاريع ويكي حرة مع غرض محدد، تقسم عادة إلى ويكيات منفردة متعددة اللغات، كما هو الحال مع ويكيبيديا. لكن ويكي بيانات مختلف عن مشاريع ويكيميديا متعددة اللغات. وهناك حوالي 800 موقع ويكي مختلفة في مجموع مشاريع ويكيميديا. حتى الآن فقط مشاريع ويكيميديا يمكن ربطها بويكي بيانات. Further information: Help:Wiki

معاجم ذات صلة

• فهرس مصطلحات ويكيبيديا
• Basic MediaWiki Glossary
• فهرس مصطلحات ميدياويكي
• معجم متعدد اللغات لجميع مشاريع ويكيميديا
• Lexicographical data glossary and linguistic terminology within the scope of Wiktionary and Wikidata
• Structured data (MediaInfo) glossary
• Wikifunctions Glossary
• Abstract Wikipedia Glossary