Wikidata:WikiProject Performing arts/Data structure

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Data Structure

Typologies

Data Sources

Use Cases

Tools & Tasks

Statistics

Description of Items of Performing Arts Related Classes

Properties for Persons

General

The following table is inspired by the data structures in the following WikiProjects and templates:

• Wikidata:WikiProject Theatre/Properties#People
• Wikidata:WikiProject Music
• Template:Person properties

Title	ID	Data type	Description	Examples	Inverse
instance of	P31	Item	instance of: that class of which this subject is a particular example and member; different from P279 (subclass of); for example: K2 is an instance of mountain; volcano is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)	Ben Whishaw <instance of> human	-
family name	P734	Item	family name: part of full name of person	André Laliberté <family name> Laliberté	-
given name	P735	Item	given name: first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property should not link disambiguations nor family names	André Laliberté <given name> André	-
pseudonym	P742	String	pseudonym, stage name and pen name: alias used by someone (for nickname use P1449)	Rose Ouellette <pseudonym> La Poune	-
image	P18	Commons media file	illustration and image: image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, also use more specific properties (sample: coat of arms image, locator map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)	Rose Ouellette <image> Rose Ouellette.jpg	-
date of birth	P569	Point in time	date of birth: date on which the subject was born	Tomson Highway <date of birth> +1951-12-05T00:00:00Z	-
work period (start)	P2031	Point in time	work period: start of period during which a person or group flourished (fl. = "floruit") in their professional activity	Vincent van Gogh <work period (start)> 1880	-
floruit	P1317	Point in time	floruit: date when the person was known to be active or alive, when birth or death not documented	William Baldwin <floruit> 1547	-
work period (end)	P2032	Point in time	work period: end of period during which a person or group flourished (fl. = "floruit") in their professional activity	Vincent van Gogh <work period (end)> July 1890	-
date of death	P570	Point in time	date of death: date on which the subject died	Edgar Leopold Layard <date of death> 1 January 1900	-
sex or gender	P21	Item	sex, gender, sex or gender and sex of humans: sex or gender identity of human or animal. For human: male, female, non-binary, intersex, transgender female, transgender male, agender. For animal: male organism, female organism. Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279)	André Laliberté <sex or gender> male	-
country of citizenship	P27	Item	citizenship: the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen	Maiko Yamamoto <country of citizenship> Canada	-
occupation	P106	Item	occupation, profession and by occupation or profession: occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)	Yo-Yo Ma <occupation> cellist	-
place of birth	P19	Item	place of birth, maternity hospital and unknown birth place: most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or hospital instead of city) birth location of a person, animal or fictional character	Peggy Baker <place of birth> Edmonton	-
work location	P937	Item	workplace: location where persons or organisations were actively participating in employment, business or other work	Guillaume Côté <work location> Toronto	-
nominated for	P1411	Item	nomination: award nomination received by a person, organisation or creative work (inspired from "award received" (Property:P166))	Alabama Shakes <nominated for> Grammy Award for Best New Artist	nominee
award received	P166	Item	award, honorary citizenship, title of honor and decoration: award or recognition received by a person, organization or creative work	Louise Lecavalier <award received> Governor General's Performing Arts Award	-
voice type	P412	Item	voice type: person's voice type. expected values: soprano, mezzo-soprano, contralto, countertenor, tenor, baritone, bass (and derivatives)	Luciano Pavarotti <voice type> tenor	-
employer	P108	Item	employer: person or organization for which the subject works or worked	Albert Verlinde <employer> Stage Entertainment Germany	-
member of	P463	Item	member and group member: organization, club or musical group to which the subject belongs. Do not use for membership in ethnic or social groups, nor for holding a political position, such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that)	John Lennon <member of> The Beatles	-
influenced by	P737	Item	social influence: this person, idea, etc. is informed by that other person, idea, etc., e.g. “Heidegger was influenced by Aristotle”	Shakira <influenced by> Andean music	-
student of	P1066	Item	teacher: person who has taught this person	Cecilia Clare Bocard <student of> Moissaye Boguslawski	student
participant in	P1344	Item	event: event in which a person or organization was/is a participant; inverse of P710 or P1923	Željko Joksimović <participant in> Eurovision Song Contest 2012	participant
affiliation	P1416	Item	affiliation: organization that a person or organization is affiliated with (not necessarily member of or employed by)	Martina McBride <affiliation> Broadcast Music, Inc.	-
notable work	P800	Item	work and magnum opus: notable scientific, artistic or literary work, or other work of significance among subject's works	André Laliberté <notable work> Les grandes vacances	-
list of works	P1455	Item	bibliography, thematic catalog, catalogue of classical compositions and catalog of works: link to the article with the works of a person; use P358 for discographies	Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart <list of works> list of compositions by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart	-
notable role	P10606	Item	role: role in a theatrical, motion picture, television, or other work that a performer is particularly known for	Alice Marriott <notable role> Prince Hamlet	-
archives at	P485	Item	archive: the institution holding the subject's archives	Johann Sebastian Bach <archives at> Bach-Archiv Leipzig	-
ISNI	P213	External identifier	International Standard Name Identifier: International Standard Name Identifier for an identity. Format: 4 blocks of 4 digits separated by a space, first block is 0000	Norway <ISNI> 0000 0001 2197 5163	-
VIAF ID	P214	External identifier	Virtual International Authority File: identifier for the Virtual International Authority File database [format: up to 22 digits]	Stan Lauryssens <VIAF ID> 120062731	-
GND ID	P227	External identifier	GND ID: identifier from an international authority file of names, subjects, and organizations (please don't use type n = name, disambiguation) - Deutsche Nationalbibliothek	Universe <GND ID> 4079154-3	-

Notes on properties for persons

• image (P18), sex or gender (P21), country of citizenship (P27), occupation (P106), and date of birth (P569) are particularly important properties. They can help disambiguate homonym persons. They are also basic information frequently displayed in Wikipedia infoboxes and in search engines' knowledge cards.

• If, for privacy matters, the full date of birth (P569) cannot be stated, then it is possible to only state the year of birth.

• If the date of birth (P569) and/or the date of death (P570) are unknown (e.g. for historical persons), the properties work period (start) (P2031), floruit (P1317), and/or work period (end) (P2032) may be used instead.

• The family name should be provided as a separate family name (P734) statement (in addition to [First Name(s)] [Last Name(s)] in the label). This facilitates the alphabetical sorting of person items in lists.

• Occupations, positions and roles are distinct work-related concepts, which can easily be confused:
  • Occupations denote the kind of work usually performed by a person; and they are defined according to skills and education required for that work (see below);
  • Positions denote an employment relationship or other contractual relationship between a person and an organization (see below);
  • Roles denote contributions of persons to performing arts endeavours (works/productions or events). Roles should be stated in the item of the performing arts endeavour.

• Only the main occupation(s) (i.e., the kind of work a person is most notable for) need to be stated. One occupation can be enough.
  • Whenever a performing arts specific occupation can be used for a given person, the subclass should be preferred over the superclass. For example, stage actor (Q2259451) should be preferred over actor (Q33999).
  • A list of common occupations is provided under the Typologies tab.

• Employment positions should be stated with the employer (P108) property.
  • employer (P108) statements should be qualified with a start (and end) time.
  • The type of position held within the organization may be denoted with a position held (P39) qualifier. Notable (i.e. leadership) position values within performing arts organizations include: artistic director (Q1797162), music director (Q1198887), general manager (Q1210069).

• External identifiers are a very potent aspect of Wikidata. By linking an item to external identifiers, more information and content about that item can be discovered by humans and machines alike. There are many more external identifiers beyond those listed above. Social media accounts are also a type of external identifiers.

• More properties for persons can be found in the Template:Person properties.

Properties for Performing Arts Organizations

General

The following tables are inspired by the data structure of heritage institutions. Wikidata:WikiProject Heritage institutions/Data structure

Title	ID	Data type	Description	Examples	Inverse
instance of	P31	Item	instance of: that class of which this subject is a particular example and member; different from P279 (subclass of); for example: K2 is an instance of mountain; volcano is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)	Konzert Theater Bern <instance of> organization	-
country	P17	Item	country: sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings)	National Arts Centre <country> Canada	-
official name	P1448	Monolingual text	official name: official name of the subject in its official language(s)	Edmonton Jazz Society <official name> "THE EDMONTON JAZZ SOCIETY (1973)"	-
parent organization	P749	Item	parent company: parent organization of an organization, opposite of subsidiaries (P355)	Landeshauptstadt München <parent organization> Munich Kammerspiele	has subsidiary
business division	P199	Item	division: organizational divisions of this organization (which are not independent legal entities)	National Arts Centre <business division> NAC Indigenous Theatre	-
part of	P361	Item	part: object of which the subject is a part (if this subject is already part of object A which is a part of object B, then please only make the subject part of object A), inverse property of "has part" (P527, see also "has parts of the class" (P2670))	NAC Indigenous Theatre <part of> National Arts Centre	has part(s)
has part(s)	P527	Item	has part, consist of and meronymy: part of this subject; inverse property of "part of" (P361). See also "has parts of the class" (P2670).	Konzert Theater Bern <has part(s)> Bern Symphony Orchestra	part of
legal form	P1454	Item	legal form: legal form of an entity	Konzert Theater Bern <legal form> foundation	-
field of work	P101	Item	field of work: specialization of a person or organization; see P106 for the occupation	Konzert Theater Bern <field of work> performing arts	-
inception	P571	Point in time	date of establishment: time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619	Konzert Theater Bern <inception> 2011	-
founded by	P112	Item	organizational founder: founder or co-founder of this organization, religion or place	Théâtre de l'Œil <founded by> André Laliberté	-
item operated	P121	Item	operator: equipment, installation or service operated by the subject	Palais Montcalm - Maison de la musique <item operated> Palais Montcalm	operator

Personnel

Title	ID	Data type	Description	Examples	Inverse
director / manager	P1037	Item	leader of organization: person who manages any kind of group	Konzert Theater Bern <director / manager> Anton Stocker	-
artistic director	P8938	Item	artistic director: person responsible for the overall artistic vision of an organization and for its execution. See also P3174 for works.	Kaha:wi Dance Theatre <artistic director> Santee Smith	-
musical conductor	P3300	Item	conductor and music director: the person who directs a musical group, orchestra or chorus	Orfeó Català <musical conductor> Simon Halsey	-
chairperson	P488	Item	chairperson, leader and president: presiding member of an organization, group or body	Konzert Theater Bern <chairperson> Nadine Borter	-
board member	P3320	Item	board member: member(s) of the board for the organization	Wikimedia Foundation <board member> Jimmy Wales	-

Location

Title	ID	Data type	Description	Examples	Inverse
country	P17	Item	country: sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings)	Konzert Theater Bern <country> Switzerland	-
located in the administrative territorial entity	P131	Item	administrative territorial entity: the item is located on the territory of the following administrative entity. Use P276 for specifying locations that are non-administrative places and for items about events. Use P1382 if the item falls only partially into the administrative entity.	Konzert Theater Bern <located in the administrative territorial entity> Bern	-
located on street	P669	Item	street: street, road, or square, where the item is located. To add the number, use Property:P670 "house number" as qualifier. Use property P6375 "street address", if there is no item for the street	National Arts Centre <located on street> Elgin Street	-
street address	P6375	Monolingual text	street address, address and street: full street address where subject is located. Include building number, city/locality, post code, but not country; use also P669 if the street has its own separate item	Konzert Theater Bern <street address> Deutsch: c/o KonzertTheaterBern, Nägeligasse 1	-
postal code	P281	String	postal code: identifier assigned by postal authorities for the subject area or building	Société pour la promotion d'événements culturels du Haut-Richelieu <postal code> J3B 5J4	-
coordinate location	P625	Geographic coordinates	geographic coordinate: geocoordinates of the subject. For Earth, please note that only WGS84 coordinating system is supported at the moment	Konzert Theater Bern <coordinate location> 46°56'56.7"N 7°26'49.4"E	-

Communications

Title	ID	Data type	Description	Examples	Inverse
phone number	P1329	String	telephone number: telephone number in standard format (RFC3966), without 'tel:' prefix	Louvre Museum <phone number> +33 1 40 20 53 17	-
official website	P856	URL	official website and home page: URL of the official page of an item (current or former) [if the page changes, add an additional statement with preferred rank. Do not remove the former URL]	Louvre Museum <official website> http://www.louvre.fr/	-
Twitter username	P2002	External identifier	Twitter account and Twitter: this item's username on X (formerly Twitter); do not include the “@” symbol	Louvre Museum <Twitter username> MuseeLouvre	-
Instagram username	P2003	External identifier	Instagram: item's username on Instagram	Louvre Museum <Instagram username> museelouvre	-
Facebook ID	P2013	External identifier	Facebook page: identifier for an official (preferably) Facebook person, product or organization page (everything that follows URL part 'https://www.facebook.com/')	Louvre Museum <Facebook ID> museedulouvre	-
LinkedIn organization ID	P4264	External identifier	LinkedIn: identifier for an official company, school, organisation page, or showcase page, on LinkedIn	Palais Montcalm - Maison de la musique <LinkedIn organization ID> palais-montcalm---maison-de-la-musique	-
YouTube channel ID	P2397	External identifier	YouTube channel: ID of the YouTube channel of a person or organisation (not to be confused with the name of the channel) The ID can also be used for music.youtube.com IDs.	Louvre Museum <YouTube channel ID> UCafm6w_rPndqAtokQy04Jdw	-
Vimeo ID	P4015	External identifier	Vimeo: this item's username or ID on Vimeo	Pierre Lefeuvre <Vimeo ID> saycetorg	-
logo image	P154	Commons media file	logo: graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and products	Opéra de Montréal <logo image> Logo Opéra de Montréal 2.jpg	-

External Identifiers

Title	ID	Data type	Description	Examples	Inverse
VIAF ID	P214	External identifier	Virtual International Authority File: identifier for the Virtual International Authority File database [format: up to 22 digits]	Stan Lauryssens <VIAF ID> 120062731	-
ISNI	P213	External identifier	International Standard Name Identifier: International Standard Name Identifier for an identity. Format: 4 blocks of 4 digits separated by a space, first block is 0000	Norway <ISNI> 0000 0001 2197 5163	-
GND ID	P227	External identifier	GND ID: identifier from an international authority file of names, subjects, and organizations (please don't use type n = name, disambiguation) - Deutsche Nationalbibliothek	Universe <GND ID> 4079154-3	-
Flanders Arts Institute organisation ID	P5164	External identifier	Kunstenpunt and data.kunsten.be: identifier of an organisation in the Flanders Arts Institute database for performing arts	KOPERGIETERY <Flanders Arts Institute organisation ID> 369434	-
Sceneweb organization ID	P10106	External identifier	Sceneweb: identifier of an organization in Sceneweb.no	Den Nationale Scene <Sceneweb organization ID> 2676	-
New Zealand Business Number	P5687	External identifier	New Zealand Business Number Register: unique identifier for a business entity registered in New Zealand	Cofactor <New Zealand Business Number> 9429046844125	-

Notes on properties for organizations

• instance of (P31) values for performing arts organizations can include:
  • A class item stating the primary activity of the organization, such as any of the subclass of (P279) of performing arts group (Q105815710) (see subclasses with Wikidata Graph Builder).
  • If the organization is a registered charity, the charitable status can be stated with charitable organization (Q708676).
• Make sure that you create separate items for the organization and the venue it operates or the festival it runs (see the talk page for detailed information on this modelling issue).
  • The relationship with the venue can be stated with item operated (P121) (and the inverse property operator (P137) in the venue item).
  • The relationship with the festival may also be stated with item operated (P121), but the inverse statement in the festival item should be made with organizer (P664).
• official name (P1448) can be used to state the legal name of an organization. Legal name statements should be referenced. Business registers or charities directorates are good references for legal name and other legal information.
• There are different ways of stating parent-child relationships between organizations and sub-organizations:
  • parent organization (P749) (and has subsidiary (P355)) should be used when the child organization exists as a distinct juridical person from the parent organization.
  • business division (P199) should be used when the child organization is not incorporated or registered as a distinct juridical person.
  • In doubt, it is also possible to use has part(s) (P527) / part of (P361).
• Statements for personnel properties (for example director / manager (P1037) or artistic director (P8938) should be accompanied with time qualifiers: start time (P580) and end time (P582). If the exact start or end times are not known, use other time qualifiers such as point in time (P585), latest start date (P8555) or earliest end date (P8554).
• member of (P463) statements should also be qualified with a time qualifier.
• A social media identifier can only be stated in a single Wikidata item. If an organization uses the same social media account for the organization itself and the venue it operates (or the festival it runs), the social media account will have to be stated in one item or the other (not both). The same constraint applies to an official website URL.
• In the Identifiers section, it is a good practice to state the national business or enterprise number for the organization (for example, New Zealand Business Number (P5687), Swiss Enterprise Identification Number (P4829) or Canada Business Number (P8860)).

Properties for Venues and Buildings

See the WikiProject Cultural venues.

Properties for Festivals and Editions of a Festival

See the WikiProject Cultural events.

Properties for Performing Arts Productions

General

Title	ID	Data type	Description	Examples	Inverse
instance of	P31	Item	instance of: that class of which this subject is a particular example and member; different from P279 (subclass of); for example: K2 is an instance of mountain; volcano is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)	Eine kleine Stadt <instance of> theatrical production	-
title	P1476	Monolingual text	original title and title: published name of a work, such as a newspaper article, a literary work, piece of music, a website, or a performance work	Nature <title> Nature	-
date of first performance	P1191	Point in time	première: date a work was first debuted, performed or live-broadcasted	Eine kleine Stadt <date of first performance> 9 March 1939	-
location of first performance	P4647	Item	première: location where a work was first debuted, performed or broadcasted	Eine kleine Stadt <location of first performance> Main Stage (Schauspielhaus Zurich)	-
location	P276	Item	physical location: location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an administrative entity as containing item use P131. For statistical entities use P8138. In the case of a geographic entity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object	Eine kleine Stadt <location> Main Stage (Schauspielhaus Zurich)	-
based on	P144	Item	based on: the work(s) used as the basis for subject item	Eine kleine Stadt <based on> Our Town	derivative work
genre	P136	Item	genre and by genre: creative work's genre or an artist's field of work (P101). Use main subject (P921) to relate creative works to their topic	Eine kleine Stadt <genre> spoken drama	-
premiere type	P4634	Item	première: indicates the premiere type (world premiere, language premiere, country premiere) of a performing arts production	Eine kleine Stadt <premiere type> language premiere	-
language of work or name	P407	Item	language: language associated with this creative work (such as books, shows, songs, broadcasts or websites) or a name (for persons use "native language" (P103) and "languages spoken, written or signed" (P1412))	Eine kleine Stadt <language of work or name> German	-
production company	P272	Item	production company: company that produced this film, audio or performing arts work	Eine kleine Stadt <production company> Schauspielhaus Zürich	-
time period	P2348	Item	era, season, sports season and historical period: time period (historic period or era, sports season, theatre season, legislative period etc.) in which the subject occurred	Eine kleine Stadt <time period> European Theater Season 1938/39	-
number of representations	P5027	Quantity	performance: number of shows (including the premiere) of a concert tour or a performing arts production	Benvenuto Cellini <number of representations> 4	-
has part(s)	P527	Item	has part, consist of and meronymy: part of this subject; inverse property of "part of" (P361). See also "has parts of the class" (P2670).	Die Alkestiade; Die beschwipsten Schwestern <has part(s)> Die Alkestiade	part of

Contributors

Title	ID	Data type	Description	Examples	Inverse
director	P57	Item	director, theatrical director, film director, film or television director, television director and radio director: director(s) of film, TV-series, stageplay, video game or similar	Eine kleine Stadt <director> Oskar Wälterlin	-
assistant director	P5126	Item	assistant director: assistant stage director of a performing arts, film or television production	Die Entführung aus dem Serail <assistant director> Luise Rabsch	-
art director	P3174	Item	art director: person credited as the art director/artistic director of this work; manages the process of making the visuals, which is done by concept artists, graphic designers, set designers, costume designers, lighting designers; See also P8938 for organizations	Giant Woman <art director> Kevin Dart	-
composer	P86	Item	composer: person(s) who wrote the music [for lyricist, use "lyrics by" (P676)]	Madama Butterfly <composer> Giacomo Puccini	-
author	P50	Item	author, writer and creator: main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans); use P2093 (author name string) when Wikidata item is unknown or does not exist	Pride and Prejudice <author> Jane Austen	-
librettist	P87	Item	librettist: author of the libretto (words) of an opera, operetta, oratorio or cantata, or of the book of a musical	The Marriage of Figaro <librettist> Lorenzo Da Ponte	-
lyrics by	P676	Item	lyricist: author of song lyrics	De clowns <lyrics by> Herman van Veen	-
translator	P655	Item	translator: agent who adapts any kind of written text from one language to another	Autobiografia di Alice Toklas (translation) <translator> Cesare Pavese	-
adapted by	P5202	Item	music arranger and adaptation: person responsible for the arrangement or adaptation resulting in this version of the original work	De geweren van vrouw Carrar <adapted by> Jef Last	-
dramaturge	P6086	Item	Dramaturg: person responsible for dramaturgical aspects in a performing arts production	Built to Last <dramaturge> Bart Van den Eynde	-
musical conductor	P3300	Item	conductor and music director: the person who directs a musical group, orchestra or chorus	Benvenuto Cellini <musical conductor> Louis de Froment	-
choral conductor	P5024	Item	choir director and cantor: musical conductor of a choir	Benvenuto Cellini <choral conductor> Giovanni Bria	-
choreographer	P1809	Item	choreographer: person(s) who did the choreography	Flames of Paris <choreographer> Vasili Vainonen	-
cast member	P161	Item	actor, film actor, television actor, singer, ballet dancer, stage actor, animal actor, performing artist, seiyū, cast member, pornographic actor, radio drama actor, model, musical theatre actor, actress, reality television participant, cast member of, opera singer, drag queen, kabuki actor and public figure: actor in the subject production [use "character role" (P453) and/or "name of the character role" (P4633) as qualifiers] [use "voice actor" (P725) for voice-only role]	Eine kleine Stadt <cast member> Leonard Steckel	-
performer	P175	Item	performing artist, music artist, musician, musical group, musical ensemble, singer, various artists, actor, artist, actress, by performer and voice actor: actor, musician, band or other performer associated with this role or musical work	Rent <performer> Anthony Rapp	character role
organizer	P664	Item	event producer and impresario: person or institution organizing an event	1994 FIFA World Cup <organizer> FIFA	-
scenographer	P4608	Item	scenographer: person who designed the stage or film set of this item	Eine kleine Stadt <scenographer> Teo Otto	-
production designer	P2554	Item	production designer: person(s) responsible for overall aesthetic of the story of this motion picture, play, video game or similar; responsible for visual concept, producing interior, exterior, location, graphics, etc; deals with many and varied logistic related to this	Gone with the Wind <production designer> William Cameron Menzies	-
costume designer	P2515	Item	costume designer: person who designed the costumes for a film, television programme, etc.	Benvenuto Cellini <costume designer> François Ganeau	-
make-up artist	P4805	Item	make-up artist, visagiste, Film- und Bühnencosmetologe and visagiste of the mask: person in charge of make-up	Wonder <make-up artist> Arjen Tuiten	-
lighting designer	P5026	Item	lighting designer: person responsible for lighting on a stage	Orphée <lighting designer> Yves Bernard	-
sound designer	P5028	Item	sound designer: person responsible for the sound on a stage, in a film or in a radio drama	Vie de Grundling Frédéric de Prusse Sommeil Rêve cri de Lessing <sound designer> Benoît Moreau	-
video designer	P5880	Item	video design: person responsible for the creation and integration of film and motion graphics on a stage	Vie de Grundling Frédéric de Prusse Sommeil Rêve cri de Lessing <video designer> Pio Gonzato	-
projection designer	P5881	Item	person responsible for producing all moving and still images that are displayed during a live performance	Vie de Grundling Frédéric de Prusse Sommeil Rêve cri de Lessing <projection designer> Laurent Valdès	-
production designer	P2554	Item	production designer: person(s) responsible for overall aesthetic of the story of this motion picture, play, video game or similar; responsible for visual concept, producing interior, exterior, location, graphics, etc; deals with many and varied logistic related to this	Gone with the Wind <production designer> William Cameron Menzies	-
producer	P162	Item	producer: person(s) who produced the film, musical work, theatrical production, etc. (for film, this does not include executive producers, associate producers, etc.) [for production company, use P272, video games - use P178]	Bambi <producer> Walt Disney	-
lyrics by	P676	Item	lyricist: author of song lyrics	De clowns <lyrics by> Herman van Veen	-
creator	P170	Item	creator, author and visual artist: maker of this creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists)	The Potato Eaters <creator> Vincent van Gogh	-
contributor to the creative work or subject	P767	Item	contributor, session musician and coauthor: person or organization that contributed to a subject: co-creator of a creative work or subject	Discworld Noir <contributor to the creative work or subject> Terry Pratchett	contributed to creative work

Notes on properties for performing arts productions

• instance of (P31): Typical classes to be used for performing arts productions are performing arts production (Q43099500), theatrical production (Q7777570), operatic production (Q47467768), dance production (Q43099869), ballet production (Q57980469), musical production (Q59163902), concert tour (Q1573906)
  • To describe a series of performances in a specific venue that are part of a larger production, use instance of (P31) ⇒ series of performances (Q43100730) (example: L'école des femmes (The School for Wives) (Q43759980)).
• Use location (P276) only if the entire run of performances has been given at the same location; for reasons of consistency, a location of first performance (P4647) statement should always be added.
• Use title (P1476) to indicate the title of the production. The use of native label (P1705) is discouraged.
  • Use in combination with a literal translation (P2441) qualifier if applicable.
• The Table of Performance Types gives an overview of the predicates to be used in connection with premiere type (P4634):
  • Use language of work or name (P407) or country (P17) qualifiers to further specifiy the premiere type.
• This Overview Table of Genres of the Performing Arts gives an overview of the predicates to be used in connection with genre (P136).
• The labels of person, organization, or venue items may be subject to change over time; or the original database where the data is imported from may use a different data structure than Wikidata (e.g. last name, first name). To keep track of the label that was used in the original data source, it is advisable to add a object named as (P1932) qualifier to the respective statements; this will allow us to keep track of aliases.
• If a performing arts production consists of several parts (e.g. consisting of two distinct plays), use has part(s) (P527) to point to the different parts, and conversely part of (P361) to point from the parts to the production.
  • Use instance of (P31) ⇒ part of a performing arts production (Q52721362), part of a theatrical production (Q52719852), etc. to describe parts of performing arts productions (see Die Alkestiade (Q52717956) for an example).

• For an overview of different contributor roles, see the Overview Table of Occupations Typical of the Performing Arts. If no specific property has been defined for a given role, the general properties creator (P170) or contributor to the creative work or subject (P767) may be used, along with an object has role (P3831) qualifier pointing to the type of role the contributor had in a given performance. A subject named as (P1810) qualifier can be used to enter the name of the role as it is given in the original data source.
• cast member (P161) statements can be further specified by adding a character role (P453) statement pointing to a fictional character occurring in a play.
  • Note that the labels of the character roles do not necessarily always coincide across versions and translations of a play. Thus, expecially in the case of translations, it is advisable to add the names of the character roles as listed in the original data source using a name of the character role (P4633) property.
  • If the link to the item for the fictional character cannot be established at the time of the data ingest, the simple use of a name of the character role (P4633) property is recommended; it allows to enter the character role in form of a string, which can later on be used as a basis for the matching to the correct fictional character item.
• Use author (P50), librettist (P87), lyrics by (P676), translator (P655) composer (P86), and adapted by (P5202) on performing arts production items only if their contribution applies to this specific production; authors, librettists, lyricists, translators, composers, or music arrangers of works the production is based on should be entered on the work item.

Properties for Individual Performances

Title	ID	Data type	Description	Examples	Inverse
instance of	P31	Item	instance of: that class of which this subject is a particular example and member; different from P279 (subclass of); for example: K2 is an instance of mountain; volcano is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)	Nelson Mandela <instance of> human	-

Notes on properties for individual performances

• ...
• ...

Properties for Awards and Prizes

See the WikiProject Award.

Referencing Artefacts Documenting the Performing Arts

This section documents the data structures required for the realization of a "WorldCat" of the performing arts, i.e. a comprehensive catalogue of artefacts documenting the performing arts (for an overview of such artefacts, see Artefacts Documenting Activities Related to the Performing Arts).

(Super-)class of item	Type of artefact	Property used	Examples
human (Q5)	archival material	archives at (P485)	Angelique Rockas (Q23893984)
human (Q5)	documentation	documentation files at (P10527)	Bob Dylan (Q392)
human (Q5)	personal library	personal library at (P9419)	Tennessee Williams (Q134262)
organization (Q43229)	archival material	archives at (P485)	Flemish Theater Institute (Q1812913)
organization (Q43229)	documentation	documentation files at (P10527)	Stadttheater Zürich (Q110287453)
performing arts production (Q43099500)	documentation	documentation files at (P10527)
performing arts production (Q43099500)	objects	object collection at (property to be created)
performance (Q35140)	audio recording	audio recording(s) at (property to be created)
performance (Q35140)	video recording	video recording(s) at (property to be created)

Related Data Structures on Wikidata

See WikiProject Theatre for classes/properties for:

• Play (Literary Work / Composite Work: frbr:Work with elements of frbr:Expression)
• Edition of a play (Literary Work: frbr:Manifestation with elements of frbr:Expression]
• Theatrical production (Performance Work: Performing Arts Production, corresponds to frbr:Manifestation)
• A specific representation (Performance Work: Performance, corresponds to frbr:Item)
• Award
• Other (Theaterlexikon Schweiz Online ID)

See WikiProject Music for classes/properties for:

• Person
• Group
• Musical work
• Audio track / Music video
• Release
• Record label

See WikiProject Lieder for classes/properties for:

• Poem
• Lied
• Song Cycle

Existing Data Models / Ontologies outside Wikidata

Data Model	Publisher	Version/URL	Description
Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR)	International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA)	Final Report (amended as of 2009)	FRBR is not an actual standard, but a study report regarding the functional requirements for bibliographic records. These requirements are generally used as a basis for the development of library cataloguing standards. The FRBR study report comes along with a data model for bibliographic metadata.
schema.org	Google, Yahoo, Microsoft, Yandex	schema.org (current release: 3.4, 15.06.2018)	Schema.org is a collaborative community activity with a mission to "create, maintain, and promote schemas for structured data on the Internet, on web pages, in email messages, and beyond". It has been initiated by the providers of the major Internet search engines in order to facilitate retrieval of information thanks to structured data embedded in web pages. Amongst many other things, the data model covers classes relevant to the performing arts, such as CreativeWork, TheatreEvent, DanceEvent, MusicEvent, Festival, Person, Organization, etc.
Music Ontology	-	Latest version (Revision 2.15, 22 July 2013)	The Music Ontology Specification provides main concepts and properties fo describing music (i.e. artists, albums and tracks) on the Semantic Web. Note that the core entities of the MusicBrainz data model have been mapped to the Music Ontology.
FRBR – object-oriented (FRBRoo)	International Working Group on FRBR and CIDOC CRM Harmonisation	Version 2.4 (November 2015), (all releases)	FRBRoo is an object-oriented definition and mapping from FRBR, FRAD and FRSAD. FRBRoo complements FRBR by defining additional classes, including classes that are highly relevant in the performing arts context, such as F20 Performance Work, F25 Performance Plan, or F31 Performance. Unlike FRBR it thus allows to model the double work structure typical for the performing arts domain (cf. Doerr et al. 2008).
DOREMUS Data Model	DOREMUS Consortium	Version 1.2 (23.12.2015) (online documentation; training materials)	Extension of FRBRoo for the representation of musical works and events.
European Collected Library of Artistic Performance, Performing Arts Vocabulary (ECLAP)	DISIT Lab, University of Florence, Italy	Version 1.0	The ECLAP vocabulary has been created in connection with the platform of the same name that is used as a content aggregator for Europeana covering the performing arts domain. It defines classes and properties used for the description of multimedia content, with a main focus on describing media objects, the modelling of the users of the platform and its content, as well as on the annotation of media objects.
AusStage Data Models	AusStage	Website (accessed on 9 Sept. 2017)	Data model used for the AusStage database, covering works, events, contributors, organisations, venues, and resources.
Pina Bausch Archive Ontology	-	unpublished? (see Thull et al. 2015 for a summary description)	Ontology used in the context of the Pina Bausch Archiv.
Carnegie Hall Data Model	Carnegie Hall	Version June 2017	Data Model used by the archives of Carnegie Hall to publish their events data as Linked Open Data. The data covers all sorts of events that took place at Carnegie Hall, including theatre and dance performances, concerts, circus performances, political meetings, etc.
Data Model for the Swiss Performing Arts Platform	Swiss Archive of the Performing Arts / Bern University of Applied Sciences	Draft Version 0.51 (September 2017)	Data model used by the Swiss Theatre Collection and the Swiss Dance Archive in view of the development of and migration to their new data platform.
Performed Music Ontology	Stanford University, Metadata Department	Undated Version (retrieved in August 2019)	An extension of the BIBFRAME ontology for describing performed music, both for mainstream and archival performed music collections.
Conceptual Model for Linked Data in the Performing Arts	Canadian Arts Presenting Association (CAPACOA)	Draft Version 0.5 (December 2019)	Data model (and formal ontology) used in the context of CAPACOA's Linked Digital Future Initiative. It is largely based on the Data Model for the Swiss Performing Arts Platform and contains references to Wikidata classes and properties as well as to common RDF ontologies, such as schema.org, RDA, etc. Along with the conceptual model, an inventory of controlled vocabularies and typologies is also available.
Mid-Level Ontology for the Performing Arts	W3C Performing Arts Information Representation Community Group	Version 1.0 (April 2023)	Representational framework in Ontology Web Language (OWL). For human-readable versions, consult the technical document and the MiLOPA Open Source Handbook.

Adaptation/Mapping of Existing Data Models to Wikidata

When preparing for data ingests from existing databases, one typically needs to describe and map the existing data structures to Wikidata. Thereby, data structures that do not have their equivalent yet on Wikidata need to be newly created (e.g. by creating new class items or by proposing new properties).

This section lists a set of resources that have been created in the course of such efforts. They contain modelling examples and can serve as a reference and inspiration for future data ingests.

• Mapping Performing Arts Databases from Switzerland
• Mapping the Carnegie Hall Performance Database
• Mapping Information for the LDFI Data Model

Data modelling issues that have been encountered in the course of these ingests are being documented on the following page:

• Wikidata:WikiProject Performing arts/Data structure/Data modelling issues

Since 2020, data modelling issues related to performing arts data are regularly brought up and discussed during the Wikidata Workshops held as part of the initiative.

Mapping Infobox Templates

The following table presents a possible solution of an automated Infobox for organziation in performing arts (on Wikipedia and Wikimedia Commons). The main goal is to define the Wikidata properties, which are most relevant by comparing existing infoboxes in various languages.

German:
Vorlage:Infobox Organisation

English:
Infobox Template non-profit organisation

French:
Modèle:Infobox Association

Wikidata Property	en for non-profit organisation	de	fr
-	name	Name	Nom
-	Formerly called	-	-
short name (P1813)	-	Abkürzung	-
logo image (P154)	-	Logo	Logo
-	-	-	Légende du logo
-	-	-	Taille du logo
legal form (P1454)	-	Rechtsform	-
-	Type	-	Type d'association
-	Tax ID No.	-	-
-	Registration No.	-	-
ZVR-Number (P6279)	-	ZVR-Zahl	-
inception (P571)	Founded	Gründungsdatum	Date de fondation
location of formation (P740)	-	Gründungsort	-
founded by (P112)	Founder	Gründer	Fondateur/Fondatrice
headquarters location (P159)	Headquarters	Sitz	Siège
-	-	-	Structure
coordinate location (P625)	Coordinates	-	-
-	-	Breitengrad	-
-	-	Längengrad	-
-	Origins	-	Origine
-	-	-	Scission de
-	-	-	Fusion de
-	-	-	Fusionne dans
-	-	ISO-Region	-
-	-	Geschäftsstelle	-
-	Product(s)	-	-
-	Services	-	-
motto text (P1451)	Mission	-	-
-	Method	-	Méthode
funding scheme (P6195)	-	-	Financement
-	-	-	Fonds de dotation
-	-	Vorläufer	-
replaced by (P1366)	-	Nachfolger	-
dissolved, abolished or demolished date (P576)	Dissolved	Auflösungsdatum	Date de dissolution
motto (P1546)	motto	Motto	Slogan
has goal (P3712)	-	Zweck	But
-	-	Aktionsraum	Zone d'influence
chief executive officer (P169)	-	Vorsitz	Président/Présidente
-	-	-	Vice-président/Vice-présidente
-	-	-	Secrétaire général/Secrétaire générale
-	-	-	Délégué Général/Déléguée Générale
-	-	-	Trésorier
director / manager (P1037)	-	Geschäftsführung	Directeur général
-	Key people	Personen	Personnage(s) clef(s)
owned by (P127)	Owner	Eigentümer	-
total revenue (P2139)	Revenue	Umsatz	-
endowment (P6589)	Endowment	Stiftungskapital	-
employees (P1128)	Employees	Mitarbeiterzahl	Nombre de salariés
number of volunteers (P6125)	Volunteers	Freiwilligenzahl	Nombre de volontaires/ nombre de bénévoles
member count (P2124)	Members	Mitgliederzahl	Nombre de membres
-	-	-	Représentativité
-	Subsidiaries	-	-
official website (P856)	Homepage	Website	Site
-	Footnotes	Fußnoten	Notes
-	Focus	Schwerpunkt	-

Feel free to add another column to the table for further languages. Where a (-) is marked, there is no value available at this moment.

Relevant Literature

• Allison-Cassin, S. (2016). A Scenes Approach to Metadata Models for Music. Journal of Library Metadata, 16(3-4), 181-201. (free eprint from Journal)
• Bellini, P., & Nesi, P. (2015). Modeling performing arts metadata and relationships in content service for institutions. Multimedia Systems, 21(5), 427-449.
• Doerr, M., Bekiari, C., LeBoeuf, P., & nationale de France, B. (2008). FRBRoo, a conceptual model for performing arts. In 2008 Annual Conference of CIDOC, Athens (pp. 15-18).
• Doty, C. (2013). The difficulty of an ontology of live performance. InterActions: UCLA Journal of Education and Information Studies, 9(1).
• Riva, P., Doerr, M., & Zumer, M. (2008). FRBRoo: enabling a common view of information from memory institutions. In World Library and Information Congress: 74th IFLA General Confrence and Council.
• Thull, B., Diwisch, K., Marz V. (2015). Linked Data im digitalen Tanzarchiv der Pina Bausch Foundation. In: B. Ege et al. (Hrsg.), Corporate Semantic Web, X.media.press, Springer-Verlag, pp. 259-275.  
• Wolterstorff, N. (1975). Toward an ontology of art works. Nous, 1975, S. 115-142.